为了你这样的访客，我特地保留了我的历史博文。不要笑话过去的我，用温柔的目光看下去吧。
- 情况说明
虚拟机安装ubuntu 20.04 Server之后发现分配的80G磁盘只有39.5G，并没有完全使用磁盘。
- 介绍
安装linux按照传统的分区方式，选择custom，会给磁盘划分出sda1, sda2.....。这些在linux里称之为分区 partition，然后分别把/，/home，/var等挂载到各个分区。但是随着LVM技术的推广，现在安装ubuntu如果采用默认的格式化整个磁盘的方式来安装，安装完成后会发现磁盘空间没有占满，原本分配的磁盘只会占用一半。
其实，如果你使用的是一台只有一块磁盘的Ubuntu笔记本电脑，并且你不需要像实时快照这样的扩展功能，那么你或许不需要LVM。相反，如果你想要轻松地扩展或者想要将多块磁盘组成一个存储池，那么LVM或许正是你所寻找的。
- 查看： df -h
- 查看可用块设备及它们之间的依赖关系： lsblk
从图中可以看出，实际磁盘空间有79G，但是有一半没有被挂载。
查看磁盘个数和分区情况：fdisk -l
下图可以看出，/dev/sda1、/dev/sda2、/dev/sda3是分区，相当于windows下c，d，e盘。而计算/dev/sda1、/dev/sda2、/dev/sda3确实对应了真实的硬盘/dev/sda的容量，也就是说确实被Ubuntu完全识别出来了。那么为什么Ubuntu挂载少了（注意，挂载是基于分区的）？原来这里没有直接挂载在物理分区上，而是把/挂载在了逻辑分区 LVM 上，而这里显示的/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv是一块逻辑分区文件（逻辑分区以文件形式存在）。它本身只有40G，所以挂载在它之上的 / 就只有39.5G
- 扩展
接下来就是扩展磁盘输入下面命令把所有剩余空间都给ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
或者你你只想给部分
sudo lvextend -L 10G /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
成功之后输入df -h发现磁盘容量并没有重新计算
输入命令重新计算：resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
再次df -h查看，已经重新计算，至此结束。
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